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世聯(lián)翻譯公司 金融英語(yǔ)閱讀
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2016-11-23 16:44 點(diǎn)擊：
金融英語(yǔ)閱讀 1 ：“The Market”Is aConceptUnitrans世聯(lián)翻譯公司在您身邊,離您近的翻譯公司,心貼心的專(zhuān)業(yè)服務(wù),專(zhuān)業(yè)的全球語(yǔ)言翻譯與信息解決方案供應商,專(zhuān)業(yè)翻譯機構品牌。無(wú)論在本地,國內還是海外,我們的專(zhuān)業(yè)、星級體貼服務(wù)，為您的事業(yè)加速！世聯(lián)翻譯公司在北京、上海、深圳等國際交往城市設有翻譯基地，業(yè)務(wù)覆蓋全國城市。每天有近百萬(wàn)字節的信息和貿易通過(guò)世聯(lián)走向全球！積累了大量政商用戶(hù)數據，翻譯人才庫數據，多語(yǔ)種語(yǔ)料庫大數據。世聯(lián)品牌和服務(wù)品質(zhì)已得到政務(wù)防務(wù)和國際組織、跨國公司和大中型企業(yè)等近萬(wàn)用戶(hù)的認可。 專(zhuān)業(yè)翻譯公司,北京翻譯公司,上海翻譯公司,英文翻譯,日文翻譯,韓語(yǔ)翻譯,翻譯公司排行榜,翻譯公司收費價(jià)格表,翻譯公司收費標準,翻譯公司北京,翻譯公司上海。
Is the market a place? Or a thing? Neither, really. It's a concept. If you are growing tomatoes in your backyard for sale, you are producing for the market. You might sell some to your neighbor and some in your little stand by the roadside and some to the manager of the local supermarket. But in either case, you are producing for the market. Your efforts are being directed by the market. If people stop buying tomatoes, you will stop producing them. If you mow lawns to earn money, you are producing a service for the market. If your father a steelworker or a bricklayer or a truck driver or a dentist or a grocer, he is producing goods or services for the market. 市場(chǎng)是一個(gè)地方嗎？是一樣東西嗎？都不是，真的。市場(chǎng)是一個(gè)概念。如果你在自家的后院種番茄出售，你是在給市場(chǎng)提供產(chǎn)品。你可以將一些蔬菜賣(mài)給鄰居，將一些蔬菜擺在路邊的小攤上出售，將一些蔬菜賣(mài)給當地超級市場(chǎng)的經(jīng)理，在任何一種情況下，你都是在給市場(chǎng)提供產(chǎn)品。你的努力都是在市場(chǎng)的引導下作出的。如果人們不買(mǎi)你的番茄，你就不會(huì )種番茄。如果你割草掙錢(qián)，你是在為市場(chǎng)提供勞務(wù)。如果你父親是鋼鐵工人，或者是瓦匠，或者是卡車(chē)司機，或者是牙醫，或者是開(kāi)食品雜貨店的，他也正在給市場(chǎng)提供商品或者勞務(wù)。 When you spend your income, you are buying things from the market. You may spend money in stores, supermarkets, gas stations, and restaurants. Still you are buying from the market. When the local grocer hires you to drive the delivery truck, he is buying your labor in the labor market. 當你花錢(qián)時(shí)，你是在市場(chǎng)上購買(mǎi)東西。你可以在商店、超級市場(chǎng)、氣站和餐館花錢(qián)，你還是在市場(chǎng)上購買(mǎi)東西。當本地的雜貨店雇你開(kāi)送貨車(chē)，他是在勞動(dòng)力市場(chǎng)上購買(mǎi)你的勞動(dòng)。 The market may seem to be a fuzzy sort of thing. But for each person（or business） who is making and selling something, it's very real. If nobody buys your tomatoes, it won't be long before you get the message. The market is telling you something. It's telling you that you are using your energies and resources in doing something the market doesn't want you to do. 市場(chǎng)似乎是一種含糊不清的東西，但是，對一個(gè)正在生產(chǎn)商品的人（或一家企業(yè)），它是實(shí)實(shí)在在的。如果誰(shuí)也不買(mǎi)你的番茄，不需要很長(cháng)時(shí)間你就會(huì )得到信息。市場(chǎng)在告訴你一些道理，他在對你說(shuō)，你做事所花的精力和使用的資源是市場(chǎng)上所不需要的。 金融英語(yǔ)閱讀 2 ：The Money in a Bank The banks are commercial enterprises and like many other businesses are organized as companies which are owned by shareholders. These shareholders, or their predecessors, provided the money to set up the banks and to enlarge them. This money is known as a bank’s capital. But the shareholders' money is only a small part of the total amount of money which the clearing banks have at their command. Who provided the rest of this enormous sum? The banks' customers. Banks, in effect, borrow from their customers as well as lend to them. 銀行是商業(yè)企業(yè)，它的組織結構和其它企業(yè)一樣，是由股東共同擁有的公司型組織。這些股東，或者是公司創(chuàng )始人，提供資金設立銀行，并擴大資金規模。這筆資金被稱(chēng)為銀行的資本金。但是，股東的資金僅僅是資金總額中的一小部分，并由清算銀行控制。其余的大量資金由誰(shuí)來(lái)提供呢？由銀行的客戶(hù)來(lái)提供。實(shí)際上，銀行從客戶(hù)那里借來(lái)資金，并向他們提供貸款。 The money which a bank obtains from its customers is generally known as its “deposits” and represents the balances which customers keep on their accounts with their banks. These accounts are of two main kinds: current accounts on which customers can draw cheques but receive no interest, and deposit and savings accounts on which the banks pay interest for the use of the money. 銀行從其客戶(hù)那里得到的錢(qián)，一般被稱(chēng)為“存款”，代表客戶(hù)在銀行賬戶(hù)上持有的余額。這些賬戶(hù)主要有兩種：一種是活期存款，客戶(hù)可以對其開(kāi)出支票，但沒(méi)有利息，另一種是儲蓄存款賬戶(hù)，銀行使用賬上的資金要支付利息。
Many people --private individuals, manufacturers, traders, companies and official bodies --choose to keep part of heir resources in the form of money. They need to do this mainly because they are continually having to make payments for the goods and services which they are buying and because they want to have resources immediately available. They could meet these requirements by keeping a stock of cash in the form of bank-notes and coin. But while notes and coins are a practical way of carrying out some small transactions, cash payments are a cumbersome, costly and, unfortunately, sometimes a dangerous method of settling most payments, especially if the money has to be sent any distance. It is more convenient, safer and more efficient to settle payments either by cheques drawn on a bank account, or through the banks’ credit transfer. Most of the payments made by businesses and Government in Britain and a large part of the payments made by private individuals are settled through the clearing banks. 許多人——個(gè)人、生產(chǎn)廠(chǎng)家、商人、公司和政府機構——選擇持有一部分現金資產(chǎn)。這樣做的主要原因是他們必須為其所購買(mǎi)的商品和勞務(wù)支付款項，想在手頭留有現金。他們持有銀行鈔票和硬幣作為現金儲備，以滿(mǎn)足日常需要。然而，雖然在進(jìn)行小筆交易時(shí)一般都用現鈔、硬幣支付，但是對大多數結算來(lái)說(shuō)，用現金支付既不方便、費用又高，有時(shí)甚至還有風(fēng)險，這風(fēng)險尤其存在于異地寄送現金。結算支付既可以用開(kāi)立支票從其銀行戶(hù)頭付賬的方式，也可以通過(guò)銀行貸方劃撥，這樣做更方便、更安全，而且效率更高。由英國政府和企業(yè)作出的絕大部分支付，以及由私人作出的大部分支付都是通過(guò)清算銀行來(lái)進(jìn)行的。 The main reasons why customers keep money on accounts with commercial banks can be summarized as follows: --the banks provide an efficient and convenient method of making payments（ cheques, bank giros, standing orders etc.）. --a bank deposit is safer and less troublesome than keeping a stock of cash. A commercial bank undertakes to provide cash on demand to a customer who keeps money on current account, and after a few day’s notice to deposit account customers. --banks pay interest on deposit and savings accounts. --banks provide their customers with many other useful services. They will, for example, look after valuables, deal with investments, make payments to businesses and people abroad and provide financial information. --banks will lend money to their customers. For many purposes, “money in the bank” is money in its most convenient form. 客戶(hù)在商業(yè)銀行賬戶(hù)上存錢(qián)的主要原因可以概括如下： ——銀行提供高效便捷的支付方式（支票、銀行直接貸記劃款單、銀行本票等）。 ——銀行存款比持有現金更安全，麻煩也少。商業(yè)銀行承諾，有活期存款的客戶(hù)可以隨時(shí)提現，也可以在存款客戶(hù)通知幾天以后提現。 ——銀行對儲蓄存款支付利息。 ——銀行向其客戶(hù)提供許多其它有用的服務(wù)。例如，保管貴重物品，辦理投資業(yè)務(wù)，對國外企業(yè)和個(gè)人進(jìn)行支付，以及提供金融信息。 ——銀行向其客戶(hù)提供貸款。 金融英語(yǔ)閱讀 3 ：財務(wù)報表
There are two basic financial statements: the balance sheet and the operations statement. The balance sheet shows the firm's condition on the last day of the accounting period. It shows what the business owns and what it owes to its creditors or its owners. A business is always in a state of equilibrium. In other words, what it owns is equal to what it owes. This is expressed in the fo11owing accounting formula: 基本財務(wù)報表有兩種：資產(chǎn)負債表和營(yíng)業(yè)狀況表。資產(chǎn)負債表顯示會(huì )計期最后一天的公司財務(wù)狀況，表明該企業(yè)擁有的資產(chǎn)情況和欠債權人或股東的債務(wù)情況。一家企業(yè)的財務(wù)應始終保持平衡狀態(tài)，換言之，它所擁有的資產(chǎn)與所欠的債務(wù)保持相等。這一狀況用下列會(huì )計公式表示： Assets = Liabilities + Owner's Equity資產(chǎn)=負債+所有者權益 The operations statement is also referred to as a profit and loss statement or an income and expense statement. It shows how much profit or loss was generated by the operations of the firm during the accounting period. In this case, operations may be considered as sales of goods or services. The profit from sales after direct costs for producing the goods or services have been deducted is called gross income or gross profit. While income is produced, however, the business has certain other expenses--indirect costs related to the production of that income, such as general or selling expenses. The balance that is left when these further expenses are deducted is called net income or net profit. 營(yíng)業(yè)狀況表是指損益計算書(shū)，它表明在該會(huì )計期間企業(yè)經(jīng)營(yíng)所產(chǎn)生的盈利或虧損情況。在這樣的情況下，經(jīng)營(yíng)被認為是銷(xiāo)售產(chǎn)品和勞務(wù)。銷(xiāo)售減去產(chǎn)品和勞務(wù)成本后的收益是毛收入或毛利�？墒�，企業(yè)收入產(chǎn)生的同時(shí)，會(huì )有一些費用 --與產(chǎn)生收入有關(guān)的間接成本，如管理或銷(xiāo)售費用，在進(jìn)一步扣減這些費用后剩下的余額就是凈收入或凈利潤。 Another basic financial statement is the statement of changes in financial position. It is compiled to show an increase or decrease in working capital during the accounting period and how the change arose. 另一種基本財務(wù)報表是財務(wù)狀況變動(dòng)表，編制這一報表是為了說(shuō)明在該會(huì )計期間流動(dòng)資金的增加或減少，以及產(chǎn)生 化的情況。 金融英語(yǔ)閱讀 4 ：存款賬戶(hù) Deposit accounts, together with savings accounts, represent the simplest form of bank account. The customer deposits funds and withdraws them as required. No chequebook is issued on this type of account. Therefore, the formalities of opening an account are simple, Often there is no need for a reference, the customer's name, address and occupation, together with a specimen signature and an initial deposit being all that are needed. 存款賬戶(hù)，和儲蓄賬戶(hù)一起，是銀行賬戶(hù)的基本形式，客戶(hù)按規定存、取款。此種類(lèi)型的賬戶(hù)不能開(kāi)支票，所以，開(kāi)戶(hù)的手續很簡(jiǎn)單。一般無(wú)需證明人，只需客戶(hù)的姓名、住址、職業(yè)，連同簽字樣本和開(kāi)戶(hù)金額即可。 Payments into a deposit account, which can consist of cash, cheques, postal orders and so on, may be made at the branch where the account is maintained or at any other branch of the bank. Funds may be withdrawn to the amount of the credit balance on the account normally only at the branch where it is maintained, although some banks do permit limited withdrawals at other branches. Withdrawals are subject to the required period of notice --often seven days. But in practice, prior notice is not always insisted upon, provided that the amounts required are not too large. 客戶(hù)可以用現金、支票、郵局匯款單等，在開(kāi)戶(hù)行或任何其他營(yíng)業(yè)網(wǎng)點(diǎn)，向其存款賬戶(hù)上存款�？蛻�(hù)一般只能從開(kāi)戶(hù)行有貸方余額的賬戶(hù)上取款，雖然有的銀行確實(shí)允許在其他營(yíng)業(yè)網(wǎng)點(diǎn)限額取款。取款需事先通知，一般要提前七天。但在實(shí)際操作中，只要提取的金額不大，并不一定非要提前通知。
