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文言文翻譯復習方法 指導(2)(4)

時(shí)間:2012-07-04 15:02來(lái)源:trans.org.cn 作者:世博翻譯公司 點(diǎn)擊:
For example, they do not compensate for gross social inequality, and thus do not tell how able an underprivileged youngster might have been had he grown up under more favorable circumstances. they 找指
For example, they do not compensate for gross social inequality, and thus do not tell how able an underprivileged youngster might have been had he grown up under more favorable circumstances. they 找指代什么時(shí),如果在前一句找不到,就再往上找。 compensate for 彌補,補償 gross 總體的,總共的,在本文中是 明顯的 總體的,總共的,在本文中是“明顯的 明顯的” GDP=gross domestic product 國內生產(chǎn)總值 gross weight 毛重 net weight 凈重 inequality 不公平 tell 翻譯為顯示,還有分辨的意思 翻譯為顯示, youngster 年輕人,是一個(gè)具體名詞 youth 是一個(gè)抽象總體名詞 gangster n.歹徒、暴徒 如同 war 是抽象總體名詞,warfare 是具體名詞。即在它前面要出現某個(gè)修飾詞,告訴你是什么戰役。 如: air warfare nuclear warfare able 詞類(lèi)轉譯為名詞“能力” underprivileged 指生活很貧困的,社會(huì )地位低下的人 favorable circumstances 有利的環(huán)境 had he grown up=if he had grown up 倒裝句 = 全句翻譯:例如,測試并不能彌補明顯的社會(huì )不公,因此不能說(shuō)明一個(gè)物質(zhì)條件差的年輕人,如果在 較好的環(huán)境中成長(cháng)的話(huà),會(huì )有多大才干。 注意:句外指代某一單詞時(shí),應聯(lián)系上下文的句子,通常不在本句的時(shí)候,往往可以在上文的句子中 注意 找到。 1997 年 This view, which holds that torturing a monkey is morally equivalent to chopping wood, may seem bravely "logical". In fact it is simply shallow: the confused centre is right to reject it. The most elementary form of moral reasoning——the ethical equivalent of learning to crawl——is to weigh others' interests against one's own. This in turn requires sympathy and imagination: without which there is no capacity for moral thought. To see an animal in pain is enough, for most, to engage sympathy. 75)When that happens, it is not a mistake: it is mankind's instinct for moral reasoning in action, an instinct that should be encouraged rather than laughed at. It 是對上一個(gè)句子的歸納 engage 投入,產(chǎn)生;約會(huì ),訂婚 I am engaged Engage somebody in doing something 致力于 戰場(chǎng)上用 engage 表示沖鋒 = charge I engaged myself in reading. 2(世博北京翻譯公司)7  
That=it,均表示上一句中的意思 = , an instinct that should be encouraged rather than laughed at.這種本能應該得到鼓勵,而不是嘲笑。 注意:這是定語(yǔ)從句翻譯成主謂賓結構(從句)的一個(gè)典型例子。 注意:這是定語(yǔ)從句翻譯成主謂賓結構(從句)的一個(gè)典型例子。 注意:考研中長(cháng)句并不見(jiàn)得一定很難,而短句由于結構精悍,往往需要補充很多的東西, 注意:考研中長(cháng)句并不見(jiàn)得一定很難,而短句由于結構精悍,往往需要補充很多的東西,難度反而 更大一些。 更大一些。 moral reasoning 含義:人的頭腦中在道德上對某一行為產(chǎn)生的推理 in action 含義:在實(shí)際行動(dòng)中體現的 全句翻譯: 當這種反應 反應發(fā)生時(shí), 不是一種錯誤; 是人類(lèi)在實(shí)際行動(dòng)當中進(jìn)行道德推理的一種本能, 反應 它 它 這種本能應該得到鼓勵,而不是嘲笑。 注意: 往后再遇見(jiàn)他的時(shí)候就不用翻了, 把之理解成 “他” 、 注意 當前面的一個(gè)指代代詞已經(jīng)被翻譯出來(lái)時(shí), “他們”就可以了。 2(世博北京翻譯公司)000 年 Governments throughout the world act on the assumption that the welfare of their people depends largely on the economic strength and wealth of the community. 71) Under modern conditions, this requires varying measures of centralized control and hence the help of specialized scientists such as economists and operational research experts. this 指代的是 assumption 的內容: welfare of their people depends largely on the economic strength and the wealth of the community.—譯作:達到這一目的 譯作: 譯作 centralized control 中央控制,集中控制—在中國,這種控制形式稱(chēng)作“宏觀(guān)調控” macromanipulation hence 因此 operational research 運行研究、運籌學(xué) specialized scientists such as economists and operational research experts. 翻譯:諸如經(jīng)濟學(xué)家、運籌學(xué)家等專(zhuān)業(yè)科學(xué)家 全句翻譯: 在當今的條件下, 達到這一目的需要各種各樣中央控制的措施, 因此就需要諸如經(jīng)濟學(xué)家、 運籌學(xué)家等專(zhuān)業(yè)科學(xué)家的幫助。 舉例的形式: 舉例的形式:類(lèi)別 + such as + 具體的例子 譯成中文:諸如(A、B、C)之類(lèi)的+類(lèi)別—順序顛倒了 例如:I like fruits such as apples and bananas 我喜歡諸如蘋(píng)果、香蕉之類(lèi)的水果 1998 年 They were, by far, the largest and most distant objects that scientists had ever detected: a strip of enormous cosmic clouds some 15 billion light-years from earth. 71) But even more important, it was the farthest that 2(世博北京翻譯公司)8   翻譯公司 (責任編輯:世博翻譯公司)
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