The old man could swim continuously in great storm for more than three hours.

2 人民軍隊離不開(kāi)人民，就像魚(yú)兒離不開(kāi)水一樣。

The people is to the people’s army what water is to fish.

3(世博北京翻譯公司) 他無(wú)可指責。

He is above blame.

4 他化學(xué)測驗不及格。

He failed the test in chemistry.

六、 主動(dòng)式與被動(dòng)式轉換

英語(yǔ)中被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)用得較多，而漢語(yǔ)中被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)則用得相對較少，因此英譯漢時(shí)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)常?？赊D換為主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，當然有時(shí)也可以保留其被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。而英語(yǔ)中的主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，有時(shí)漢譯也可根據漢語(yǔ)的表達習慣轉換為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。

（一） 被動(dòng)轉換為主動(dòng)

英語(yǔ)被動(dòng)句式轉換為漢語(yǔ)主動(dòng)句式時(shí)，原文中的主語(yǔ)在譯文中有時(shí)仍可作主語(yǔ)，有時(shí)也可作賓語(yǔ)，有時(shí)全句還可譯成帶表語(yǔ)的主動(dòng)句。例如：

(1(世博英文翻譯公司)) Heat is constantly produced by the body as a result of muscular and cellular activity. 由于肌肉和細胞活動(dòng)的結果，身體不斷地產(chǎn)生熱。

(2) In a moment he will turn and see us, and his face will be lighted by a smile so radiant you'll feel warm all the way through..過(guò)一會(huì )兒他會(huì )轉過(guò)身來(lái)看著(zhù)我們，那時(shí)他臉上會(huì )泛出燦爛的微笑，讓你全身都感到溫暖。

(3(世博北京翻譯公司)) With the development of speech, the number of occasions producing sudden experiences of pleasure increased, and since laughter was closely associated with speech, man had this means of expressing his pleasure. 隨著(zhù)說(shuō)話(huà)的發(fā)展 ，產(chǎn)生突然感受愉快的機會(huì )增多了，并且，由于笑與說(shuō)話(huà)密切相關(guān)，人類(lèi)就有了這種表達愉快的手段。

(4) In future conflicts, similar logistical problems are likely to be repeated-----raising the prospect of mass confusion in a full-scale mobilization. 在未來(lái)的沖突中，類(lèi)似的后勤問(wèn)題大概還會(huì )重復出現，從而在一次大規模的動(dòng)員中有可能出現大亂。

當然有時(shí)英語(yǔ)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)翻譯成漢語(yǔ)時(shí)仍可用被動(dòng)句式，例如：

(1(世博英文翻譯公司)) When we were first captured, my own reaction was mainly one of fear and suspicion. 我們剛被俘時(shí)，我的感覺(jué)是又害怕又懷疑。

(2) The visitor was flattered and impressed.客人受寵若驚，深為感動(dòng)。

（二） 主動(dòng)轉換為被動(dòng)

有時(shí),主動(dòng)句在翻譯時(shí)可用被動(dòng)句來(lái)表達，但這一現象似不多見(jiàn)。例如：

(1(世博英文翻譯公司)) His acceptance into the Party is a quite natural thing. 他被吸收到黨內是完全應該的。

(2) Appalled by what he had done, Bob rushed to the parapet and flung himself on the rocks below, where the sea claimed him immediately.鮑勃對他所做的一切感到震驚，他沖到護墻處，縱身跳到下面的巖石上，立即被大海所吞沒(méi)。

3(世博北京翻譯公司) 基本路線(xiàn)要管一百年，動(dòng)搖不得。

The basic line should be adhered to for 1(世博英文翻譯公司)00 years, with no vacillation.