9. This preference for exogamy, Gutman suggests， may have derived from　West African rules governing marriage, which, though they differed from one tribal group to another, all involved some kind of prohibition against unions with close kin. （3+）

難句類(lèi)型：復雜修飾、插入語(yǔ)

譯文：古特曼表示，這種對于外部通婚的偏愛(ài)很有可能緣起于西部非洲制約著(zhù)婚姻的規定，盡管這些規定在一個(gè)和另一個(gè)部落群體之間不盡相同，但都涉及到某種對近親聯(lián)姻（union with close kin）的禁止。

解釋?zhuān)罕揪溆袃蓚€(gè)插入語(yǔ)，第一個(gè)插入語(yǔ)Gutman suggests割裂了主句的主語(yǔ)和謂語(yǔ)。West African rules后跟著(zhù)兩個(gè)修飾成分，第一個(gè)是分詞修飾(governing marriage), 第二個(gè)是以which引導的非限定性定語(yǔ)從句，從句中出現了第二個(gè)插入語(yǔ)though they differed from one tribal group to another，又割裂了從句引導詞與謂語(yǔ)之間的聯(lián)系。

意群訓練：This preference for exogamy, Gutman suggests， may have derived from　West African rules governing marriage, which, though they differed from one tribal group to another, all involved some kind of prohibition against unions with close kin.

1(世博翻譯公司)0. His thesis works relatively well when applied to discrimination against Blacks in the United States, but his definition of racial prejudice as "racially-based negative prejudgments against a group generally accepted as a race in any given region of ethnic competition，" can be interpreted as also including hostility toward such ethnic groups as the Chinese in California and the Jews　in medieval Europe. （4+）

難句類(lèi)型：復雜修飾、插入語(yǔ)、抽象詞

譯文：該社會(huì )學(xué)家的命題當被應用于針對美國黑人的歧視時(shí)，相對而言尚能適用，但他對種族偏見(jiàn)所下的定義——即“以種族為基礎的、針對某個(gè)群體的消級的先入之見(jiàn)，而該群體在任何特定的種族競爭地區則被普遍認作一種族”——可被理解成同樣也襄括了針對加利福尼亞州的中國人以及中世紀的猶太人這樣一些種族群體的敵視態(tài)度。

解釋?zhuān)罕揪溟L(cháng)度驚人，插入部分比較長(cháng)，再加上不乏抽象詞，所以較為難懂，在表示轉折的后半個(gè)分鐘中，長(cháng)長(cháng)的插入語(yǔ)as racially based negative prejudgments against a group generally accepted as a race in any given region of ethnic competition作為主語(yǔ)his definition of racial prejudice的同位語(yǔ)，使分句中的主謂相隔千山萬(wàn)水。除此之外，本句用詞抽象，語(yǔ)義難以理解，對讀者的詞匯功底要求較高?？荚嚞F場(chǎng)如無(wú)法讀懂，宜用合理化原則中的取非讀法，but之前的分句說(shuō)的是其論點(diǎn)對美國黑人的種族歧視是較為管用，轉折后的內容就應該說(shuō)其理論對華人和猶太人相對無(wú)用。

意群訓練：His thesis works relatively well when applied to discrimination against Blacks in the United States, but his definition of racial prejudice as "racially-based negative prejudgments against a group generally accepted as a race in any given region of ethnic competition，" can be interpreted as also including hostility toward such ethnic groups as the Chinese in California and the Jews　in medieval Europe.

 翻譯實(shí)踐1(世博翻譯公司) 

一、 詞語(yǔ)的正確理解

1(世博翻譯公司). 詞語(yǔ)的正確搭配及意義

一個(gè)詞，在詞典中盡管有許多意思，但是用在某個(gè)特定的句子中，和不同的詞語(yǔ)進(jìn)行搭配時(shí)，以及在不同的語(yǔ)法結構中，只有一個(gè)確定的意思。因此，在翻譯時(shí)要善于抓住詞語(yǔ)的搭配和語(yǔ)法結構，確定詞義。以下舉例說(shuō)明：

1(世博翻譯公司)） I can think of a good few medical students who would willingly “work their way through colleges” by filling in as nurses at our understaffed hospitals.

誤譯：我可以想象不少讀醫的學(xué)生是愿意來(lái)我們人手不足的醫院當護士幫助病人填寫(xiě)病歷，以此來(lái)掙錢(qián)讀完大學(xué)的。

正譯：我可以想象不少讀醫的學(xué)生是愿意來(lái)我們人手不足的醫院臨時(shí)充當護士，以此來(lái)掙錢(qián)讀完大學(xué)的。分析：fill in用做及物動(dòng)詞詞組，和a blank/a check./a form等搭配時(shí)，是做“填寫(xiě)”、“填入”解釋的，但是如果用作不及物動(dòng)詞詞組時(shí)，和for sb. as sb.搭配，就是做“暫時(shí)代替”來(lái)解釋。

2） (An intelligence test does not measure character, social adjustment, physical endurance, manual skills, or artistic abilities.) To criticize it for such failure is roughly comparable to criticizing a thermometer for not measuring wind velocity.

誤譯：批評這樣的失敗就好比批評溫度計不能測出風(fēng)速一樣。 翻譯公司 (責任編輯：世博翻譯公司)