譯文：從本世紀初到本世紀中葉從事寫(xiě)作的小說(shuō)家和歷史學(xué)家只要描寫(xiě)婦女，就會(huì )描述西部婦女，而且都被特納迷住。

　　2. Abraham Lincoln is the most famous instance of the claim that Americans often made that in their country a man may rise from the lowest to the highest position.

　　分析：the claim 和其同位語(yǔ) that in their country a man may rise from the lowest to the highest position 被 the claim 的定語(yǔ)從句that Americans often made 分割。同位語(yǔ)從句在翻譯時(shí)可按照順序翻譯，將其翻譯為分句。

　　譯文：美國人常認為，在他們國家，一個(gè)人的地位可以從社會(huì )最底層上升到社會(huì )最上層，亞伯拉罕?林肯就是極好的例子。

　　3. In the last eight years there were difficult, almost non-stop negotiations and reported threats of failure, ultimately overcome by a combination of creative compromise and stubborn determination—indeed, some call it unprecedented determination—to succeed.

　　分析：本句的主干結構是：…there were negotiations and…threats of failure。“overcome by…”是過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)，修飾 threats of failure。stubborn determination 和其定語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞不定式“to succeed”被“indeed, some call it unprecedented determination”分割。

　　譯文：在最后的八年里，進(jìn)行了艱苦卓絕的、幾乎是不間斷的談判，其間屢經(jīng)失敗之虞，但最終通過(guò)創(chuàng )造性的協(xié)調和要取得成功的頑強決心——確實(shí)有人稱(chēng)之為前所未有的決心——而渡過(guò)難關(guān)，取得了勝利。

    4. The discovery of surplus value suddenly threw light on the problem, in trying to solve which all previous investigations, of both bourgeois economists and social critics, had been groping in the dark.

分析：in trying to solve插在 the problem 和定語(yǔ)從句which…之間，起到承上啟下的作用。of both bourgeois economists and social critics為investigations 的后置定語(yǔ)，起到分割作用。

　　譯文：由于剩余價(jià)值的發(fā)現，使問(wèn)題明朗化了。而先前，無(wú)論資產(chǎn)階級經(jīng)濟學(xué)家還是社會(huì )批評家所從事的一切研究都只是在黑暗中摸索。

　　5. A better knowledge of China’s civilization would lay open to us an empire of learning, hitherto fabulously described.

　　分析：lay open 和 an empire of learning 被介詞短語(yǔ) to us 分割。本句選自英國前首相撒切爾夫人1(世博翻譯公司)982年在中國歡迎宴會(huì )上的講話(huà)。翻譯時(shí)要注意轉譯的應用。如把“better”譯為副詞“更好地”。

　　譯文：更好地了解中國的文明，將為我們打開(kāi)一個(gè)知識的王國，對這個(gè)王國迄今只有神話(huà)般的描述。

　　6. It is the insistence, as a first consideration, upon the interdependence of the various elements in, and parts of, the United States—a recognition of the old and permanently important manifestation of the American spirit of the pioneer.

　　分析：insistence 后接upon the interdependence of the various elements in, and parts of, the United States, 中間被插入語(yǔ)as a first consideration 分割，做進(jìn)一步說(shuō)明。該句選自美國前總統羅斯福在1(世博翻譯公司)933年的就職演說(shuō)。漢語(yǔ)中動(dòng)詞用得較多，翻譯時(shí)可把名詞轉譯為動(dòng)詞。

　　譯文：我們首先應考慮的是，堅持美國國內各種因素之間、各個(gè)部分之間的相互依賴(lài)關(guān)系——即承認體現傳統的和永遠重要的美國開(kāi)拓精神。

　　7. Old Henry and his wife Phoebe were as fond of each other as it is possible for two old people to be who have nothing else in this life to be fond of.

　　分析：連詞as 引導的比較狀語(yǔ)從句中，it 代替for two old people to be。to be 后省略了fond of each other。to be 做分割成分。

　　譯文：象兩位老人一生中沒(méi)有其他什么東西可愛(ài)而彼此相愛(ài)一樣，老亨利和他的妻子芬比也互相愛(ài)慕。

　　8. As they grow old, people also accumulate belongings for two other reasons: lack of physical and mental energy—both of which are essential in turning out and throwing away—and sentiment.

　　分析：該句包含了并列結構被分割的情況。lack of physical and mental energy和sentiment 是并列結構，作two other reasons的同位語(yǔ)。但是被非限定性定語(yǔ)從句both of which are essential in turning out and throwing away分割。

譯文：人們隨著(zhù)日趨年邁，積存物品還有其他兩個(gè)原因：一是缺乏體力和精神，兩者在清理和扔掉無(wú)用之物時(shí)不可或缺，二是感情上的原因。

　　9. Those who believe in capital punishment may have arguments for its retention, but surely no reasonable argument can be found for retention of the sickening mumbo-jumbo that accompanies it from the moment that the judge dons the black cap with what looks like a pen-wiper balanced on the top of his wig, to the reading of the burial service over the condemned man before he is dead. 翻譯公司 (責任編輯：世博翻譯公司)